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z'
hoti oude kine~sin tina metabatike~n poieitai he~ ge~.
----- ===== ----- ===== -----
(タイトル)
７. 大地は場所移動をしないということ。
(title)
7. that the earth doesn't make any spatial movement.
kata ta auta de tois emprosthen deichthe~setai, dioti me~d' he~ntinoun kine~sin eis ta proeire~mena plagia mere~ te~n ge~n hoion te poieisthai e~ holo~s methistasthai pote tou kata to kentron topou ; ta auta gar synebainen an, haper ei kai te~n thesin alle~n para to
meson echousa etygchanen.
同様に (*kata ta auta) 我々が先に言ったことによって (*tois emprosthen) 次のようなことも (*補足) 示されるだろう (*deichthe~setai) : 大地が (*te~n ge~n) 先に (*proeire~mena) 坂になっている (*plagia) と表現された (*proeire~mena)
in the same way (*kata ta auta), by the things we have dealt with earlier (*tois emprosthen) it will be revealed (*deichthe~setai) that (*dioti) it is not possible that (*hoion te, me~de) the earth (*te~n ge~n) should make (*poieisthai) any kind of (*he~ntinoun) movement (* kine~son) toward (*eis) the parts (*ta mere~) which was said earlier in our talk (*proeire~mena) to be (*complemented by me) sloping (*plagia) or (*e~) ever (* pote) move itself (*methistasthai) from the place (*tou topou) as the centre of the sphere (*kata to kentron) at all (*holo~s) ;
as (* gar), if such thing is the case (* ta auta, =if the earth moved), it could go (* synebainen an) as if (* haper ei) the earth (* supplemented by me) happened (* etygchanen) to also have (* kai, echousa) a position (* te~n thesin) other than (* para) the central position (* to meson) of the universe (* supplemented by me).
----- ===== ----- ===== -----
+ emprosthen : (adverb) before, earlier
+ plagia > plagios : slanting / ta plagia -- the sides / eis ta plagia -- obliquely / (of land) sloping --- this meaning of plagios may be related to klima that appeared earlier. (klima means slope, inclination of land. and it meant the inclination of land from north to south, or from where you are to the north, from where you are to the south, from where you are to the west, from where you are to the east, imagined by ancient people.)
ho~st' emoige dokei perisso~s
an tis kai te~s epi to meson phora~s tas aitias epi
ze~te~sein hapax ge tou, hoti he~ te ge~ ton meson epechei
topon tou kosmou kai ta bare~ panta ep' aute~n
pheretai, so (* ho~ste) to me (* emoige) it seems that (* dokei) people (* tis) will seek for the extra (* epize~te~sein) reasons (* tas aitias) of the motion (* te~s phoras, i.e. the falling motion of objects) toward (* epi) the centre (* to meson, i.e. toward the earth's centre) more than once, again and again, more than needed (* perisso~s, tou hapax), as the reason is obvious already in the first place that (* hoti) the earth (* he~ ge~) has (* occupies) the central (* ton meson) position (* topon) of the universe (* tou kosmou) and (* kai) carries (* pheretai) the weight (* ta bare~) of everything (* panta) upon (* epi) itself (* aute~n).
まだやりかけです。
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archive.org でギリシャ語の本文が見れます。
今日のところはこのページからです。
2018, 10月14日 更新
久しぶりに更新です。
１０月２２日 更新
前回の訳の変なところを直しました。
１０月２７日 更新
英訳を足してみました。
１２月７日 更新
英訳を足しました。
ローマ字で打ち込む作業。
27 December 2017, 4 January 2018, 8 January 2018
6. Hoti se~meiou logon echei pros ta ourania he~ ge~.
(p.20, line 5)
Alla me~n ot (=hoti) kai se~meiou logon echei pros aisthe~sin he~ ge~ pros to mechri te~s to~n aplano~n kaloumeno~n sphairas aposte~ma, mega men t kme~rion (=tekme~rion) to apo panto~n aute~s to~n mero~n ta te megethe~ kai ta diaste~mata to~n astro~n kata tous autous chronous
(line 10)
isa kai homoia phainesthai pantache~, kathaper hai apo diaphoro~n klimato~n epi to~n auto~n te~re~seis oude to elachiston heuriskontai diapho~nousai, ou me~n alla ka'keino parale~pteon to tou gno~menas tous en ho~ide~pote merei te~s ge~s tithemenous, eti de ta to~n
(line 15)
kriko~to~n sphairo~n kentra to auto dynasthai to~i kata ale~theian te~s ge~s kentro~i kai diaso~zein tas diopteuseis kai tas to~n skio~n periago~gas houto~s homologous tais hypothesesi to~n phainomeno~n, ho~ (=ho~s) an ei di' autou tou te~s ge~s mesou se~meiou ginomenai etygchanon.
(line 20)
enarges de se~meion tou touth' houto~s echein kai to pantache~ ta dia to~n opseo~n ekballomena epioeda, ha kaloumen horizontas, dichotomein pantote te~n hole~n sphairan tou ouranou, hoper hoper ouk an synebaiben, ei to
(p.21, line 1)
m gethos (=megethos) te~s ge~s aisthe~ton e~n pros te~n to~n ouranio~n apostasin, alla monon men an to dia tou kata to kentron te~s ge~s se~meiou diekballomenon epipedon dichotomein e~dynato te~n sphairan, ta de di' he~sde~potoun epiphaneias te~s ge~s meizona an
(line 5)
pantote ta hyo ge~n epoiei tme~mata to~n hyper ge~n.
7. Hoti oude kine~sin tina metabatike~n poieitai he~ ge~.
訳と単語の意味
6. Hoti se~meiou logon echei pros ta ourania he~ ge~.
=====
+ se~meiou > to se~meion : point, jot
+ logon > ho logos : relation, poroportion ; (in math) ratio, proportion /
=====
６. タイトル :
大地は (* he~ ge~) 天の全体 (* ta ourania) に対して (* pros) 中心となる (* 補足) 点の (* se~meiou ) 役割を (* logon) 持つ (* echei) ということ (* hoti)。
(p.20, line 5)
Alla me~n ot (=hoti) kai se~meiou logon echei pros aisthe~sin he~ ge~ pros to mechri te~s to~n aplano~n kaloumeno~n sphairas aposte~ma, mega men t kme~rion (=tekme~rion) to apo panto~n aute~s to~n mero~n ta te megethe~ kai ta diaste~mata to~n astro~n kata tous autous chronous
(line 10)
isa kai homoia phainesthai pantache~, kathaper hai apo diaphoro~n klimato~n epi to~n auto~n te~re~seis oude to elachiston heuriskontai diapho~nousai, ou me~n alla ka'keino parale~pteon to tous gno~monas tous en ho~ide~pote merei te~s ge~s tithemenous, eti de ta to~n
(line 15)
kriko~to~n sphairo~n kentra to auto dynasthai to~i kata ale~theian te~s ge~s kentro~i kai diaso~zein tas diopteuseis kai tas to~n skio~n periago~gas houto~s homologous tais hypothesesi to~n phainomeno~n, ho~ (=ho~s) an ei di' autou tou te~s ge~s mesou se~meiou ginomenai etygchanon.
===== ===== =====
9 January 2018, 11 January,
しかし (* alla) 大地は (* he~ ge~)、
我々の (* 補足) 感覚する (* aisthe~sin) ところによると (* pros)、
さまよわないもの (* aplano~n) と呼ばれている星々の (* to~n kaloumeno~n, 恒星の) 天球 (* te~s sphairas) までの (* mechri) 距離 (* to aposte~ma) に比して (* pros)
点の (* se~meiou この単語自体にはない意味ですが中心点という意味のようです) 役割を (* logon) 持つ (* echei) ということ (* hoti)、
Oct 23, Nov 21, 2018
but (* alla) honestly (* me~n), really (* kai) the relation (* logon) of a small point (* se~meiou) in the very centre (* supplemented by me) the earth (* he~ ge~) has (* echei) to (* pros) the total amount of the space in-between (* to aposte~ma) from the earth (* supplemented by me) all the way to (* mechri) the sphere (* te~s sphairas) of so-called (* kaloumeno~n) the un-wandering (* to~n aplano~n, referring to the fixed stars). 大きな (* mega) 証拠として (* tekme~rion)、
大地の (* aute~s) すべての (* panto~n) 部分 (* to~n mero~n) から (* apo) 、
星々の (* astro~n ここでは恒星のことらしい) 大きさ (* ta megethe~) も (* te ... kai ...) 間隔 (* diaste~ma たぶん東から現れる時刻の間隔、東西方向の間隔、赤経の間隔) も (* te ... kai ...)、
同じ (* tous autous) 時間 (* chronous) にわたって (* kata) 観察すると (* 補足)、
どこでもまったく (* pantache~) 等しく (* isa) 同じであるように (* homoia) 見えるということ (* to phainesthai)、
Oct 26, Oct 27, Nov 21, 2018 a big (* mega) proof (* tekme~rion) of it is (* supplemented by me), 1. (* men) that (* to) from (* apo) all (* panto~n) the parts (* to~n mero~n) of it (* aute~s, probably = te~s ge~s) both (* te ... kai ...) the sizes (* ta megethe~) and (* kai) the intervals (* ta diaste~mata) of the stars (* to~n astro~n) during (* kata) the same (* tous autous) period of time (* chronous) seem (* phainesthai) to be (* supplemented by me) steady (* isa) and (* kai) the same (* homoia) everywhere (* pantache~) ; 13 January 2018,
ちょうど (* kathaper) 別々な異なる (* diaphoro~n) 地域 (* limato~n) から行った (* apo) 同じ星々 (* to~n auto~n) についての (* epi) 観測が (* hai te~re~seis) ちょっとも (* to elachiston) 食い違わない (* oude diapho~nousai) ことが知られる (* heuriskontai) ように (* kathaper)。
so (* kathaper) the observations (* hai te~re~seis) on (* epi) the same stars (* to~n auto~n, with astro~n supplemented by me) done (* supplemented by me) from (* apo) different (* diaphoro~n) regions (* to~n klimato~n) are not found (* oude heuriskontai) to be disagreeing (* diapho~nousai) to one another (* supplemented by me) any bit (* to elachiston).
16 January
だからまさに (* ou me~n alla kai) あのことが (* ekeino) 思い出されるべきである (* parale~pteon)、
日時計が (* tous gno~monastous) 大地の(* te~s ge~s) どの (* hoide~pote) 地点 (* merei) に (* en) も (* ho~de~pote) 設置されている (* tithemenous) ということが (* to)。
さらに (* eti) また (* de)大地の周りを (* 補足) 輪っかのように囲む (* kriko~to~n) 天球の (* to~n sphairo~n 複数) 中心が (* ta kentra) 大地の (* te~s) 真の (* kata ale~theian) 中心と (* to~i kentro~i) 同一で (* to auto) あるという理解が (* 補足)、
実にまた (* kai) 今まで識者たちには不可解で疑わしいと思われていた (* 補足) ディオプトラによる観測結果を (* tas diopteuseis 複数) 、そして (* kai) 影の (* to~n skio~n) 回る現象 (* tas periago~gas 日時計の影の動きかな) の観測を (* 補足)、
我々の目に見えるままに (* to~n phainomeno~n) 単純にそうではないかと思われるイメージに (* tais hypothesesi 複数) こんなにも (* houto~s) 一致するではないかと (* homologous) ---------- そういったイメージが (* 補足) あたかも (* ho~s an ei) 大地が (* te~s ge~s) 天全体の (* 補足) 真ん中の (* tou mesou) 点 (* se~meiou) であること (* 補足) そのこと自体 (* autou) によって (* dia) 我々の中に (* 補足) 生じている (* ginomenai) のである (* etygchanon) かのように (* ho~s an ei) ---------
やはり本当だったと (* 補足) 救済することが (* diaso~zein) できるということ (* dynasthai)。
30 Oct, 31 Oct, 1 Nov, 4 Nov, 21 Nov, 2018 no, they are never found to be disagreeing to one another, but (* ou me~n alla) it (* ekeino) has to be accepted (* parale~pteon) that (*supplemented by me) it can (* dynasthai) confirm (* diaso~zain) the sun-dials (* tous gno~monas) put (* tithemenous) in (* en) whatsoever (* ho~ide~pote) part (* merei) of the earth (* te~s ge~s), and further on (* eti de kai), the centre (* ta kentra) of each (* supplemented by me) of the rings of an armillary sphere (* to~n kriko~to~n sphairo~n) being (* supplemented by me) the same (* to auto) as the (* to~i) true (* kata ale~theian) centre (* kentro~i) of the earth (* te~s ge~s), and (* kai) the obsevation made by means of dioptra (* tas diopteuseis, understanding what it means here seems to need a reference), and (* kai) the rotating movement (* tas periago~gas) of shadows (to~n skio~n) as (* hoito~s) agreeing (* homologous) to the things that have been said (* tais hypothesesi) by me (* supplemented by me) about the visual phenomena that look (* to~n phainomeno~n) as if (* ho~s an ei) they happen to be so (* ginomenai etygchanon) because of (* dia) the centre (* tou mesou) of the earth (* te~s ge~s) itself (* autou) being able to be considered (* supplemented by me) a point (* se~meiou) in the very centre of the universe (* supplemented by me) when we try to think or observe or measure the world mathematically (* supplemented by me). ===== ===== =====
+ pros (+acc.) : 11 January, 2018
against ...
+ mechri (+gen.) : as far as .., even to ...
+ to aposte~ma : distance, interval
+ to tekme~rion : 11 January
Sure sign, sure token / proof
+ to diaste~ma : 11 January
interval
+ pantache~ : 11 January
everywhere / by all means, in all respects, absolutely
+
+ diaphoro~n > diaphoros : 13 January
different, unlike / various, several
+ klimato~n > to klima : 13 January
slope, inclination / (terrestrial) latitude ; region / seven latitudinal strips of oikoumene~ (the inhabited world) on which the longest day ranged by half hour interval from 13 to 16 hours / seven astrological zones corresponding to No. 3 - 6 of the terrestrial seven latitudinal strips.
direction, cardinal point
+ te~re~seis > he~ te~re~sis : 13 January
watching / observing, observation
+ diapho~nousai > diapho~neo~ : 13 January
be in discord, disagree
+
+ ou me~n alla ... : 16 January
it is not so but ...
+ parale~pteon > paralambano~ : 16 January
receive by hearing a report (=hear a report and accept it), ascertain, accept
+
+ kriko~to~n > kriko~tos : 16 January
ringed, made of rings
+
+ kentro~i > to kentron : 16 January
centre of a circle / (in astronomy) cardinal point on the ecliptic
+ diaso~zein > diaso~zo~ : 16 January
preserve (a person) through a danger / preserve, maintain / keep ... in mind
+ diopteuseis > he~ diopteusis : 16 January
examination with the dioptra
cf. he~ dioptra : 16 January
optical instrument for measuring angles, altitudes, etc.
+
+ periago~gas > he~ periago~ge~ : 16 January
turning around / rotation, revolution
+ hypothesesi > hypothesis : 16 January
supposition, assumption / presupposition
===== ===== =====
(line 20)
enarges de se~meion tou touth' houto~s echein kai to pantache~ ta dia to~n opseo~n ekballomena epioeda, ha kaloumen horizontas, dichotomein pantote te~n hole~n sphairan tou ouranou, hoper hoper ouk an synebaiben, ei to
(p.21, line 1)
m gethos (=megethos) te~s ge~s aisthe~ton e~n pros te~n to~n ouranio~n apostasin, alla monon men an to dia tou kata to kentron te~s ge~s se~meiou diekballomenon epipedon dichotomein e~dynato te~n sphairan, ta de di' he~sde~potoun epiphaneias te~s ge~s meizona an
(line 5)
pantote ta hyo ge~n epoiei tme~mata to~n hyper ge~n.
===== ===== =====
Oct 8, Oct 9, Oct 10, Oct 14, Oct 22, 2018
そして (* de) 上に述べたことが (* tauta) その通りで (* houto~s) あるということの (* tou, echein) 明らかな (* enarges) 証拠が (* se~meion) あるとすれば、
それはまさに (* kai) あらゆる方向に (* to pantache~ つまり３６５度) 我々の視覚 (* to~n opseo~n) によって (* dia) 伸ばし広げ描き出される (* ekballomena) 平たい面 (* ta epipeda) --- それを (* ha) 天球分割円 (* horizontas) とわたしたちは呼ぶ (* kaloumen) けれども --- が常に (* pantote) 天の (* tou ouranou) 球 (* te~n sphairan) の全体を (* hole~n) 二等分割するということ (* dichotomein) だろう。
しかしその「いつも」というのは (* hoper) ありえ (* synebainen) ない (* ouk) よう (* an) である、大地の (* te~s ge~s) 大きさは (* to megethos) 天の広がるところまでの (* to~n ouranio~n) 距離 (* te~n apostasin) との比で (* pros) 知られる (* aisthe~ton e~n) ということをどのように我々が推測したかを思い出してもらえればわかると思う (* ei) 。***
(*** この説については２０１８年１月９日に訳したとこを見てください)
しかし考えるに (* alla)、
ただ (monon) 大地の (* te~s ge~s) 中心 (* to kentron) としての (* kata) 点 (* tou se~meiou) が (* dia) 真ん中を貫通している (* diekballomenon) 平面 (* to epipedon) のみは (* monon) 天球を (* te~n sphairan) 二等分割するということが (* dichotomein) ありえた (* e~dynato) ろう (* an) が、
その一方 (* men ... de ...) 大地の (* te~s ge~s) 表面 (* epiphaneias) のどこであろうと (* he~sde~potoun) そこに広がる (* dia) 平面は (* ta, epipeda を補って) いつも (* oantote)大地 (* ge~n) の下に隠れた方の (* hypo) 半分を (* ta tme~mata) 大地 (* ge~n) の上に見えている (* hyper) 半分よりも (* to~n, tome~maton を補足) 大きく('' meizona) していた (* epoiei) はず (* an) である。
Oct 16, Oct 22, 2018
and (* de) a clear (* enarges) proof (* se~meion) for those things (* tauta) to be (* echein) really so (* houto~s) would be (* supplemented by me)
that (* suplemented by me) the planes (* ta epipeda) that are projected (* ekballomena) throughout (* dia) our perspective (* to~n opseo~n) in every direction (* pantache~) ----- we call (* kaloumen) those planes (* ha) horizons (* horizontas) ----- always (* pantote) divide (* dichotomein) the entire (* hole~n) sphere (* sphairan) of the heaven (* tou ouranou) in equal two (* dichotomein).
but ''always'' (* hoper) couldn't (* ouk, an) be true (* synebainen). you'll understand that if you remember how we inferred that (* ei) the size (* to megethos) of the earth (* te~s ge~s) was measured (* aisthe~ton e~n) in proportion to (* pros) the distance (* te~n apostasin) of the heavens (* to~n ouranio~n, the outermost heaven or sphere where fixed stars are twinkling).
(*** see the part translated on Jan 9, 2018.)
Oct 22, 2018
but (* alla) only (* monon) the plane (* to epipedon) that passes (* diekballomenon) through (* dia) the point (* tou se~meiou) which is (* kata) the centre (* to kentron) of the earth (* te~s ge~s) could (* e~dynato) possibly (* an) divide (* dichotomein) the sphere (*te~n sphairan) in two equal parts (* dichotomein),
while (* men ... de ...) the plane that passes (* supplemented by me) through (* dia) whatever (* he~s de~ pote oun) superficial part (* epiphaneias) of the earth (* te~s ge~s) would (* an) always (* pantote) have made (* epoiei) the division (* ta tme~mata) below (* hypi) the earth (* ge~n) greater (* meizona) than the division (* to~n) above (* hyper) the earth (* ge~n).
===== ===== =====
+ tauta : above said, above mentioned
+ ekballomena > ekballo~ : Oct 8, 2018
(in mathematics) produce (a line) ; (in astronomical calculations) start counting ...
+ epipeda > epipedos (adjective) : Oct 8, 2018
(in geometry) plane, superficial, (of numbers) representing a surface
+ to pantache~ (adverb) : (place) everywhere / (direction) in every direction
/ (manner) in every way
+ dichotomein > dichotomeo~ : split ... in two
+ pantote (adverb) : always
+
+ synebainen > ind.impf.3sg. of symbaino~
+ apostasin > apostasis : distance
+
+ to kentron : center of a circle or of a sphere
+ diekballomenon > diekballo~ : Oct 10
pass (a needle, thread, etc.) through, thread, have ... go thtough ...
+ e~dynato > plupf. of dynamai
+ de~pote : Oct 12, 2018
this particle has a force of turning relatives (e.g. hostis, hoti, hopothen, hoios, etc.) indefinite (e.g. whoever, whatever, from wherever, however, etc.). often strengthened by adding oun, de~pote oun (de~potoun)
dia he~s de~pote oun epiphaneias (dia he~sde~potoun epiphaneias) : through which surface so ever
+ epiphaneias > he~ epiphaneia : surface, the part which is visible in a body, surface of a body 7. Hoti oude kine~sin tina metabatike~n poieitai he~ ge~.
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You can see the Greek text on archive.org
Today's part starts from the middle of this page.
ti de~ oun ko~lyei ton e~kribo~kota men tas
panto~n to~n astero~n kai he~liou kai sele~ne~s kine~seis,
hopo~s auton me~denos to~n sche~matismo~n me~te ho topos
me~te ho chronos lanthanoi, dieile~phota de ek te~s eti
ano~then synechous historias ho~s epi pa~n auto~n tas
physeis (see the footnote 2), kan me~ tas kat' auto to hypokeimenon alla
tas ge dynamei poie~tikas, (see the footnote 3) hoion ho~s te~n tou he~liou hoti thermainei kai te~n te~s sele~ne~s hoti hygrainei kai epi
to~n loipo~n homoio~s, hikanon de pros tauta toiauta
onta physiko~s hama kai eustocho~s ek te~s sygkraseo~s (see the footnote 4)
panto~n to idion te~s poiote~tos dialabein, ho~s dynasthai
men eph' hekastou to~n didomeno~n kairo~n ek
====================
footnote 1 : autois in VPMNDE ; autous in ACam.
footnote 2 : ho~s epi pa~n auto~n tas physeis is put after dieile~phota de (in NCam.)
auto~n in PMAE, auta in VDNCam.
tas physeis in MAEProc., physei in VDNCam., phe~se~ in P.
footnote 3 : poie~tikas in VPMNDECam.1, poiote~tas in ACam.2
footnote 4 : sygkriseo~s in PCam.
====================
(page 12)
te~s tote to~n phainomeno~n scheseo~s tas tou periechontos
idiotropias eipein, hoion hoti thermoteron e~
hygroteron estai, dynasthai de kai kath' hena hekaston
to~n anthro~po~n te~n te kath' holou poiote~ta te~s
(6)
idiosygkrasias apo tou kata te~n systasin perechontos
synidein, hoion hoti to men so~ma toiosde, te~n
de psyche~n toiosde, kai ta kata kairous sympto~mata
dia tou to men toionde periechon te~i toia~ide sygkrasei
symmetron e~ kai prosphoron ginesthai pros euexian,
to de toionde asymmetron kai prosphoron pros
kako~sin ? alla gar to men dynaton te~s toiaute~s
katale~pseo~s dia touto~n kai to~n homoio~n esti
synidein. =-=-= - =-=-= - =-=-=
+ de~ : early October
so, then (ised to make a transition, with or without inference)
+ oun : early October
then, therefore (in inference, strengthened like de~ oun)
+ ko~lyei > ko~lyo~ : early October
hinder, prevent (+acc. and inf., or +acc. and pt.) / (sg.3 as impersonal) ouden ko~lyei +acc and inf. (there is nothing that hinder ...), ti ko~lyei +acc. and inf. (What prevents ... to ...?)
+ e~kribo~kota > pf.pt. of akriboo~ : October 9
make ... exact, make ... accurate / investigate ... accurately
+ hopo~s (+opt.) : October 9
whenever
+ lanthanoi > lanthano~ : October 9
make ... (acc.) forget about ... (gen.)
+ dieile~phota > pf.pt. of dialambano~ : October 9
take severally, receive severally (like 1. each person receives severally, 2. you take each thing severally) / divide ... and ... in thought, distinguish, define / grasp ... with the mind / handle, treat
+ eti : October 11
strengthens comparative --- e.g. eti ma~llon (yet more) - eti anousteros (still more foolish) - eti echthio~n (still more hateful) / strengthens adverbs --- e.g. eti ano~ (yet higher up)
+ synechois > suneche~s : (in space) continuous, joined together without a gap / (in time) continuous, unintermittant
+ historias > he~ historia : October 9
inquiry / written account of one's inquiry ; systematic or scientific observation ; knowledge obtained that way ; (in empirical medicine) body of recorded cases ; science ; history, narrative, mythology
+ physeis > he~ physis : October 11
regular order (of nature)
+ kan : (kai ean) October 14
and if, even if, although
+ hypokeimenon > hypokeimai : October 11
lie under / lie under as a principle (according to which a lot of movements or changes occur), lie under as a foundation (upon which anything is put together and constructed or formed), lie under as a presupposition or hypothesis (upon which an argument is built)
後で哲学的な方面の意味調べること
+ poie~tikas > poie~tikos : October 11
vapable of making, effecting, causing effects, creative, productive
+ hoion : October 14
as, just as / for instance
----- hoion is sometimes accompanied by an adverb of the same meaning such as ho~s, making ''hoion ho~s''
+ hoti : October 14
that ... ----- e.g. say that ..., understand that ... ----- the hoti ... construction and the acc. and infinitive construction seems to be often mixed up, accprding to LSJ, but among sample sentences I couldnt find such a construction as goes like dialambano~ te~n physin tou he~liou hoti theimainei
/
+
+ hikanon > hikanos : Oct 23, 2017
sufficing, becoming, befitting, enough, enough for ... (+dat., or + eis, epi, pros ti)
+ eustocho~s > eustochos : Oct 23
well aimed / aiming well / guessing well / successful
cf. eustocheo~ : hit (the mark, +gen.) / succeed
+ dialabein > aor. inf. of dialambano~ : receive severally, take severally / divide / distinguish / determine, define / think, perceive, grasp / handle, treat
+ idios : October 23
unusual / distinct, strange
+ ho kairos : October 23
due measure, due proportion, fitness / exact time / critical time / opportunity / season (of the year) / (generally) time, period
+ schesis > he~ schesis : October 23
state, conditiin / nature, quality / relation
+ hygroteron > hygros : wet, moist, rainy
+
+ idiosygkrasias > he~ idiosygkrasia : November 9
peculiar temperament or habit of body, idiosyncrasy
+ systasin > he~ systasis : November 9
gathering densely into a solid substance ; density, solidity / coming into existence, formation / composition, structure, constitution
+
+ kairous > kairos : November 12
due measure, proportion, fitness / vital part of the body / exact time for something to happen or to do, critical time, season for something, opportunity ----- es kairon, es auton kairon, eis deonta kairon, en kairo~i, epi kairou, kata kairon (all mean ''in season'', ''at the due time'')
/ season of the year / time, period (in most general sense) / advantage, profit
+ sympto~mata > to sympto~ma : November 15
anything that happens / property, attribute
+ symmetron > symnetros (the same form for masc. and femin.) : November 15
in measure, proportionable, exactly suitable (+dat., or +pros ...) / (without dat. or pros) in right measure, in due proportion
+ prosphoron > prosphoros (the same form for masc. and femin.) : November 15
serviceable, useful (+dat., or +pros ...) / suitable, fitting (+dat., or +pros ...)
+ kako~sin > he~ kako~sis : the meaning here must be the opposite of euexia
+
+ alla : November 16
at least ----- construction : even if ..., AT LEAST .. ----- though ..., AT LEAST ...
+ synidein > syneidon, aor.2 of synorao~, synidein is aor.2 inf. : see / see mentally, conprehend
=-=-= =-=-= =-=-=
<< ENGLISH TRANSLATION >>
October 10
But (de~ oun), what (* ti, what kind of inaccuracy, what kind of erroneous view) would prevent (* ko~lyei) a careful experienced observer of (* ton e~kribo~kota) the movements (tas kine~seis) of all (* panto~n) the planets (* to~n astero~n, maybe plus fixed stars) and (* kai) the sun (* he~liou) and (* kai) the moon (* sele~ne~s), in such a manner where (* hopo~s) neither (* me~te) the place (* ho topos) nor (* me~te) the time (* ho chronos) makes (* lanthanoi) him (* auton) forget (* lanthanoi) about any (* me~denos) of the arrangements (* to~n sche~matismo~n) of those heavenly bodies (* supplemented by me), ***
(*** the meaning is like this : as long as he doesn't lose track of the changing arrangements, configurations, dispositions, of the heavenly bodies any time any where, keeping observation anywhere he is, any time it is)
October 16
or (* de) if he has (* dieile~phota) comprehensive (* ho~s epi pa~n) but distinct knowledge of each of (* dieile~phota) their (* auto~n, = the heavenly bodies') natural orders (* tas physeis, natural rules, natural regularity), given him from (* ek) the observed data (* te~s historias) that has been coninuously made and handed down (* synechous) from very old times (* eti ano~then) ----- even in such cases where (* kan) those orders (* tas) are (* supplemented by me) causing their effects (* poie~tikas) not (* me~) in a substantial and constant manner, always, without fail (* kata to hypokeimenon) but (* alla) only (* ge) by possibility, i.e. accidentally or not always, not so constantly (* dynamei), ----- for example (* hoion ho~s), the order (* te~n, the rule, regularity) of the sun (* tou he~liou) that (* hoti) it warms (* thermainei), and (* kai) the order (* te~n, the rule, regularity) of the moon (* te~s sele~ne~s) that (* hoti) it
moistens (* hygrainei) and (* kai) with (* epi) the rest of the planets (* to~n
loipo~n) in the same manner (* homoio~s) ?
November 20, November 25, December 1
And (* de) as (* pros) those things (* tauta) being (* onta) so (* toiauta), it is fitting (* hikanon) that you (* supplemented by me) take out separately (* dialabein) the difference (* to idion) of each of those things' quality (* te~s poiote~tos),
so that (* ho~s +inf.) at (* epi) each (* hekastou) of the given (* didomeno~n) time (* to~n kairo~n), it would be possible (* dynasthai) to tell (* eipein) the peculiar turn (* tas odiotropias) of the atmosphere (* tou periechontos) of that moment (* supplemented by me, though much redundant), according to (* ek) the condition (* te~s scheseo~s) of the phenomena (* to~n phainomeno~n) at that time (* tote),
for example (* hoion), to tell that (* hoti) it will be (* estai) hotter (* thermogeron) or (* e~) it will be (* estai) more wet (* hygroteron)
December 14, December 19
and (* de) also (* kai) it would be possible (* dynasthai) to observe (* synidein), while observing (* kata) each (* hekaston) one (* hena) of human beings (* to~n anthro~po~n), the (* te~n) general (* kath holou) quality (* poiote~ta) of their idiosyncracy (* te~s idiosygkrasias), from the data about (* apo) the environment (* tou perechontos, the atmosphere) during the time of (* kata) their bodies' formation (* te~n systasin), such (* hoion) as (* hoti)
in respect of the body (* to so~ma) such and such quality (* toiosde), or (* de), in respect of the mind (* te~n psyche~n) such and such quality (* toiosde),
December 19, December 20
as well as (* kai) the quality (* ta sympto~mata) of (* kata) time (* kairous) of their birth (* supplemented by me), from the data that (* dia) such and such (* toionde) environment (* to perechon, the atmosphere) becomes (* ginesthai) proportionate and fitting (* symmetron) to human body and mind (* supplemented by me), or (* e~) even (* kai) promotive (* prosphoron) for (* pros) a good condition (* euexian) of a person's idiosyncracy (* supplemented by me), and (* de) such and such environment (* to toion) becomes (* supplemented by me) out of proportion (* asymmetron) to human body and mind (* supplemented by me) and (* kai) leading (* prosphoron) to (* pros) the bad condition (* kako~sin) of a person's body and mind (* supplemented by me).
December 20
For (* gar) at least (* alla) it is easy (* esti) to see (* synidein) the possibility (* to dynaton) of such way of (* toiaute~s) understanding (* te~s katale~pseo~s) through (* dia) those data (* touto~n) and (* kai) other similar data (* to~n homoio~n).
=-=-= =-=-= =-=-=
Hoti de euprophasisto~s men, ou prose~kon |
|
テトラビブロス 第２章 翻訳と単語の意味 パート５
archive.org で見れる本文。
これからやるのは 334/802 ページです。 para mentoi to me~te
auto~n touto~n tous chronous kai tous topous hypo
apeirias akribo~s dynasthai katanoein, me~te tas to~n
plano~meno~n astero~n periodous, pleiston kai autas
symballomenas, to pollakis autois (see the footnote 1) sphallesthai symbainei.
===== =====
<< 日本語訳 >>
１０月２日
まさに (* mentoi) これらの観察がされる (* auto~n touto~n) 時間 (* tous chronous) と (* kai) 場所を (* tous topous)、経験の不足 (* apeirias) のために (* hypo) 正確に (* akribo~s) することが (* katanoein) できない (* to me~ dynasthai) 場合 (* para)、さまよう (* plano~meno~n) 星たちの (* to~n astero~n つまり惑星たちの) 軌道とそれを一周する周期を (* tas periodous)、加えて (* kai) 特に (* pleiston) それらの軌道が (* autas) 交わるときを (* symballomenas)、経験の不足ゆえに正確に知り得ない場合 (* 補足)、これらの観察には (* autois) しばしば (* pollakis) 誤りが (* to sphallesthai) 付き物である (* symbainei)。
===== =====
+ para (+acc.) : September 28, 2017
contrary to ..., against ... / except ... / on account of ..., because of ..., by means of ...
+ mentoi
+ apeirias > he~ apeiria : September 28
want of skill, inexperience
+ katanoein > katanoeo~ : September 28
kata, in forming a compound word, is frequently used to strengthen the notion of the simple verb
+ periodous > he~ periodos : September 28
going round / going round in a circle, coming round to the starting point, circuit / (of events) periodic recurrence, cycle / (of time) cycle of time, period of time / (astronomy) orbit of a heavenly body
+ symballomenas > symballo~ : September 28
throw together / bring together ..., unite, combine, fit / compare / (in the middle voice) reckon, compute / (in the middle voice) interpret
+ sphallesthai > sphallo~ : October 2
make ... to fall, overthrow ... by tripping (literally in wrestling) / overthrow, overturn, foil, balk, baffle (someone's attempt) / (in passive voice) err, go wrong, be mistaken
+
+
===== =====
<< ENGLISH TRANSLATION >>
===== =====
ti de~ oun ko~lyei ton e~kribo~kota men tas
panto~n to~n astero~n kai he~liou kai sele~ne~s kine~seis,
hopo~s auton me~denos to~n sche~matismo~n me~te ho topos
me~te ho chronos lanthanoi, dieile~phota de ek te~s eti
ano~then synechous historias ho~s epi pa~n auto~n tas
physeis (see the footnote 2), kan me~ tas kat' auto to hypokeimenon alla
tas ge dynamei poie~tikas, (see the footnote 3) hoion ho~s te~n tou he~liou hoti thermainei kai te~n te~s sele~ne~s hoti hygrainei kai epi
to~n loipo~n homoio~s, hikanon de pros tauta toiauta
onta physiko~s hama kai eustocho~s ek te~s sygkraseo~s (see the footnote 4)
panto~n to idion te~s poiote~tos dialabein, ho~s dynasthai
men eph' hekastou to~n didomeno~n kairo~n ek
====================
footnote 1 : autois in VPMNDE ; autous in ACam.
footnote 2 : ho~s epi pa~n auto~n tas physeis is put after dieile~phota de (in NCam.)
auto~n in PMAE, auta in VDNCam.
tas physeis in MAEProc., physei in VDNCam., phe~se~ in P.
footnote 3 : poie~tikas in VPMNDECam.1, poiote~tas in ACam.2
footnote 4 : sygkriseo~s in PCam.
====================
(page 12)
te~s tote to~n phainomeno~n scheseo~s tas tou periechontos
idiotropias eipein, hoion hoti thermoteron e~
hygroteron estai, dynasthai de kai kath' hena hekaston
to~n anthro~po~n te~n te kath' holou poiote~ta te~s
(6)
idiosygkrasias apo tou kata te~n systasin perechontos
synidein, hoion hoti to men so~ma toiosde, te~n
de psyche~n toiosde, kai ta kata kairous sympto~mata
dia tou to men toionde periechon te~i toia~ide sygkrasei
symmetron e~ kai prosphoron ginesthai pros euexian,
to de toionde asymmetron kai prosphoron pros
kako~sin ? alla gar to men dynaton te~s toiaute~s
katale~pseo~s dia touto~n kai to~n homoio~n esti
synidein.
=-=-= =-=-= =-=-=
<< 日本語訳 >>
１０月１０日
しかし (* de~ oun) 一体何が (* ti どんな知識の不正確さが、どんな誤りが) 支障となるだろう (* ko~lyei) 、
惑星 (* to~n astero~n 恒星も含めて言っているかも) や (* kai) 太陽 (* he~liou) や (* kai) 月の (* sele~ne~s) 動きを (* tas kine~seis)
----- 場所 (* ho topos) のちがい (* 補足) も (* me~te) 時間 (* ho chronos) のちがい (* 補足)
も (* me~te) 彼に (* auton) これら天体の (* 補足) 配置の ( to~n sche~matismo~n) どれ１つとして (* me~denos) 忘れさせる (* lanthanoi) ことがない (* me~denos, me~te) ようなしかたで (* hopo~s)。***
(*** ここの意味はつまり : どこにいても、いついかなるときも、天体の配置の観察を怠ることなく)
詳細に観察してきたような人に対して (* ton e~kribo~kota)？
１０月１５日
また或いは (* de)、
彼の時代よりさらに (* eti) 前の時代から (* ano~then) 途切れることなく (* synechous) 記録されてきた観察データ (* te~s historias) から (* ek) 全般的に (* ho~s epi pa~n)、それらの (* auto~n 天体の) 規則性についての知識を (* tas physeis) ----- その規則性というのが (* tas) たとい (* kan) 本質的にいつも (* kata to hypokeimenon) これこれの結果を引き起こす (* poie~tikas) というのではなくて (* me~) むしろ (* alla) ただ (* ge) 付帯的に付随的に (* dynamei) これこれの結果を引き起こす (* poie~tikas) ことがあるというだけ (* dynamei の訳の一部) であるにせよ (* kan の訳の一部) ----- 例えば (* hoion ho~s) 太陽の (* tou he~liou) あたためる (* thermainei) という (* hoti) 規則性 (* te~n) や (* kai) 月の (* te~s sele~ne~s) 湿らせる (* hygrainei) という (* hoti) 規則性 (* te~n) や (*
kai) その他の残りの惑星 (* to~n loipo~n) に関しても (* epi) 同様の規則性についての知識を (* homoio~s)、継承してしかもそれぞれ別々に分けて項目ごとに知っている人にとって (* dieile~phota)、いったいどんな不正確さや誤った考えが支障となるだろうか？ (* 補足)
１１月６日
だから (* de)、そういったふうにある (* toiauta onta) これらの事柄 (* tauta) に関しては (* pros) すべてが (* panto~n) 混ざり合った状態 (* te~s sygkraseo~s) の中から (* ek) 自然科学的に (* physiko~s) また同時に (* hama kai) 的確に的を射るように (* eustocho~s) それぞれの (* 補足) 個別的な (* to idion) 性質を (* te~s poiote~tos) 別々に分けて理解する (* dialabein) のがよろしいのである (* hikanon)。
１１月７日、１１月９日
そうすれば (* ho~s +inf. の意訳) 観察がされた (* didomeno~n の意訳) 季節や時期の (* to~n kairo~n) それぞれ (* hekastou) ごとに (* epi)、我々の眼前に現れた事物が (* to~n
phainomeno~n) そのとき (* tote) どんなであるか (* te~s scheseo~s) に即して (* ek) 周囲の環境の (* tou periechontos) いろいろな 特徴を (* tas idiotropias) 語ること (* eipein) ができるようになるのではないか (* ho~s dynasthai)
----- 例えば (* hoion) もっと暑く (* thermoteron)、または (* e~) もっと湿度が高く (* hygroteron) なるだろう (* estai) などと (* hoto) -----？
また (* de) 人 (* to~n anthro~po~n) それぞれ一人一人 (* hena hekaston) ごとに (* kata) 体質の (* te~s idiosygkrasias) 全般的な (* kat' holou) 性質を (* te~n poiote~ta) 誕生するときの (* te~n systasin 形成しつつあるときの) 環境 (* tou periechontos) から (* apo) いっしょに観察し見抜くこと (* synidein) ができるのではないか (* dynasthai)
----- 例えば (* hoion) 身体的には (* to so~ma) これこれのように (* toiosde)、精神的には (* te~n psyche~n) これこれのように (* toiosde) 彼はなるだろう (* 補足) などと (* hoti) ---？
１１月１４日、１１月１５日
そしてまた (* kai) その人の (* 補足) 心臓や脳などの重要な内臓器官 (* kairous) が (* kata) どういった特徴を持つかということを (* ta sympto~mata) 語ることができるのではないか (* 補足)、
その人の誕生の際の (* 補足) これこれの (* toionde) 環境が (* to periechon) これこれのような (* toia~ide) 配合のされかたにおいて (* te~i sygkrasei) 釣り合いがとれており (* symmetron) しかも (* e~ kai) その人の (* 補足) 体の健康な状態 (* euexian) がつくられるために (* pros) 役立つものに (* prosphoron) なっていること (* tou ginesthai) を見ることによって (* dia)、
または (* de) 釣り合いのとれていない (* asymmetron) そして (* kai) 病的な体の状態 (* kako~sin) がつくられるために (* pros) 働く (* prosphoron) これこれのような (* toionde) 環境が (* to periechon) 生じていること (* tou ginesthai) を見ることによって (* dia)？
=-=-= - =-=-= - =-=-=
+ de~ : early October
so, then (ised to make a transition, with or without inference)
+ oun : early October
then, therefore (in inference, strengthened like de~ oun)
+ ko~lyei > ko~lyo~ : early October
hinder, prevent (+acc. and inf., or +acc. and pt.) / (sg.3 as impersonal) ouden ko~lyei +acc and inf. (there is nothing that hinder ...), ti ko~lyei +acc. and inf. (What prevents ... to ...?)
+ e~kribo~kota > pf.pt. of akriboo~ : October 9
make ... exact, make ... accurate / investigate ... accurately
+ hopo~s (+opt.) : October 9
whenever
+ lanthanoi > lanthano~ : October 9
make ... (acc.) forget about ... (gen.)
+ dieile~phota > pf.pt. of dialambano~ : October 9
take severally, receive severally (like 1. each person receives severally, 2. you take each thing severally) / divide ... and ... in thought, distinguish, define / grasp ... with the mind / handle, treat
+ eti : October 11
strengthens comparative --- e.g. eti ma~llon (yet more) - eti anousteros (still more foolish) - eti echthio~n (still more hateful) / strengthens adverbs --- e.g. eti ano~ (yet higher up)
+ synechois > suneche~s : (in space) continuous, joined together without a gap / (in time) continuous, unintermittant
+ historias > he~ historia : October 9
inquiry / written account of one's inquiry ; systematic or scientific observation ; knowledge obtained that way ; (in empirical medicine) body of recorded cases ; science ; history, narrative, mythology
+ physeis > he~ physis : October 11
regular order (of nature)
+ kan : (kai ean) October 14
and if, even if, although
+ hypokeimenon > hypokeimai : October 11
lie under / lie under as a principle (according to which a lot of movements or changes occur), lie under as a foundation (upon which anything is put together and constructed or formed), lie under as a presupposition or hypothesis (upon which an argument is built)
後で哲学的な方面の意味調べること
+ poie~tikas > poie~tikos : October 11
vapable of making, effecting, causing effects, creative, productive
+ hoion : October 14
as, just as / for instance
----- hoion is sometimes accompanied by an adverb of the same meaning such as ho~s, making ''hoion ho~s''
+ hoti : October 14
that ... ----- e.g. say that ..., understand that ... ----- the hoti ... construction and the acc. and infinitive construction seems to be often mixed up, accprding to LSJ, but among sample sentences I couldnt find such a construction as goes like dialambano~ te~n physin tou he~liou hoti theimainei
/
+
+ hikanon > hikanos : Oct 23, 2017
sufficing, becoming, befitting, enough, enough for ... (+dat., or + eis, epi, pros ti)
+ eustocho~s > eustochos : Oct 23
well aimed / aiming well / guessing well / successful
cf. eustocheo~ : hit (the mark, +gen.) / succeed
+ dialabein > aor. inf. of dialambano~ : receive severally, take severally / divide / distinguish / determine, define / think, perceive, grasp / handle, treat
+ idios : October 23
unusual / distinct, strange
+ ho kairos : October 23
due measure, due proportion, fitness / exact time / critical time / opportunity / season (of the year) / (generally) time, period
+ schesis > he~ schesis : October 23
state, conditiin / nature, quality / relation
+
+ idiosygkrasias > he~ idiosygkrasia : November 9
peculiar temperament or habit of body, idiosyncrasy
+ systasin > he~ systasis : November 9
gathering densely into a solid substance ; density, solidity / coming into existence, formation / composition, structure, constitution
+
+ kairous > kairos : November 12
due measure, proportion, fitness / (in pl.) vital parts of the body / exact time for something to happen or to do, critical time, season for something, opportunity ----- es kairon, es auton kairon, eis deonta kairon, en kairo~i, epi kairou, kata kairon (all mean ''in season'', ''at the due time'')
/ season if the year / time, period (in most general sense) / advantage, profit
+ sympto~mata > to sympto~ma : November 15
anything that happens / property, attribute
+ symmetron > symnetros (the same form for masc. and femin.) : November 15
in measure, proportionable, exactly suitable (+dat., or +pros ...) / (without dat. or pros) in right measure, in due proportion
+ prosphoron > prosphoros (the same form for masc. and femin.) : November 15
serviceable, useful (+dat., or +pros ...) / suitable, fitting (+dat., or +pros ...)
+ kako~sin > he~ kako~sis : the meaning here must be the opposite of euexia
=-=-= =-=-= =-=-=
<< ENGLISH TRANSLATION >>
October 10
But (de~ oun), what (* ti, what kind of inaccuracy, what kind of erroneous view) would prevent (* ko~lyei) a careful experienced observer of (* ton e~kribo~kota) the movements (tas kine~seis) of all (* panto~n) the planets (* to~n astero~n, maybe plus fixed stars) and (* kai) the sun (* he~liou) and (* kai) the moon (* sele~ne~s), in such a manner where (* hopo~s) neither (* me~te) the place (* ho topos) nor (* me~te) the time (* ho chronos) makes (* lanthanoi) him (* auton) forget (* lanthanoi) about any (* me~denos) of the arrangements (* to~n sche~matismo~n) of those heavenly bodies (* supplemented by me), ***
(*** the meaning is like this : as long as he doesn't lose track of the changing arrangements, configurations, dispositions, of the heavenly bodies any time any where, keeping observation anywhere he is, any time it is)
October 16
or (* de) if he has (* dieile~phota) comprehensive (* ho~s epi pa~n) but distinct knowledge of each of (* dieile~phota) their (* auto~n, = the heavenly bodies') natural orders (* tas physeis), given him from (* ek) the observed data (* te~s historias) that has been coninuously made and handed down (* synechous) from very old times (* eti ano~then) ----- even in such cases where (* kan) those orders (* tas) are (* supplemented by me) causing their effects (* poie~tikas) not (* me~) in a substantial and constant manner, always, without fail (* kata to hypokeimenon) but (* alla) only (* ge) by possibility, i.e. accidentally or not always, not so constantly (* dynamei), ----- for example (* hoion ho~s), the order (* te~n) of the sun (* tou he~liou) that (* hoti) it warms (* thermainei), and (* kai) the order (* te~n) of the moon (* te~s sele~ne~s) that (* hoti) it moistens (* hygrainei) and (* kai) with (* epi) the rest of the planets (* to~n
loipo~n) in the same manner (* homoio~s),
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Hoti de euprophasisto~s men, ou |
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字数制限の関係でパート４になりました。この１の５はここで終わりです。 |
