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10 Warning Signs of Alzheimer¡Çs Disease

1. Memory loss.
Forgetting recently learned information is one of the most common early signs of dementia. A person begins to forget more often and is unable to recall the information later.What's normal? Forgetting names or appointments occasionally.

2. Difficulty performing familiar tasks.
People with dementia often find it hard to plan or complete everyday tasks. Individuals may lose track of the steps involved in preparing a meal, placing a telephone call or playing a game.What's normal? Occasionally forgetting why you came into a room or what you planned to say.

3. Problems with language.
People with Alzheimer¡Çs disease often forget simple words or substitute unusual words, making their speech or writing hard to understand. They may be unable to find the toothbrush, for example, and instead ask for "that thing for my mouth.¡ÉWhat's normal? Sometimes having trouble finding the right word.

4. Disorientation to time and place.
People with Alzheimer¡Çs disease can become lost in their own neighborhood, forget where they are and how they got there, and not know how to get back home.What's normal? Forgetting the day of the week or where you were going.

5. Poor or decreased judgment.
Those with Alzheimer¡Çs may dress inappropriately, wearing several layers on a warm day or little clothing in the cold. They may show poor judgment, like giving away large sums of money to telemarketers.What's normal? Making a questionable or debatable decision from time to time.

6. Problems with abstract thinking.
Someone with Alzheimer¡Çs disease may have unusual difficulty performing complex mental tasks, like forgetting what numbers are for and how they should be used.What's normal? Finding it challenging to balance a checkbook.

7. Misplacing things.
A person with Alzheimer¡Çs disease may put things in unusual places: an iron in the freezer or a wristwatch in the sugar bowl.What's normal? Misplacing keys or a wallet temporarily.

8. Changes in mood or behavior.
Someone with Alzheimer¡Çs disease may show rapid mood swings //8211; from calm to tears to anger //8211; for no apparent reason.What's normal? Occasionally feeling sad or moody.

9. Changes in personality.
The personalities of people with dementia can change dramatically. They may become extremely confused, suspicious, fearful or dependent on a family member.What's normal? People¡Çs personalities do change somewhat with age.

10. Loss of initiative.
A person with Alzheimer¡Çs disease may become very passive, sitting in front of the TV for hours, sleeping more than usual or not wanting to do usual activities.What's normal? Sometimes feeling weary of work or social obligations.

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Someone with Alzheimer's disease symptoms
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Forgets entire experiences
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Rarely remembers later
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Is gradually unable to follow written/spoken directions
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Is gradually unable to use notes as reminders
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Is gradually unable to care for self


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Someone with normal age-related memory changes
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Forgets part of an experience
¤·¤Ð¤é¤¯¤¢¤È¤Þ¤Ç³Ð¤¨¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤³¤È¤¬Â¿¤¤
Often remembers later
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Is usually able to follow written/spoken directions
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Is usually able to use notes as reminders
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Is usually able to care for self

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¶¹¿´¾É¡§angina pectoris,
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡heart disease characterized by chest pain due to an insufficient supply of oxygen to
the heart

ÉÏ·ì: anemia
condition caused by a lack of red blood cells and characterized by weakness and breathlessness

ÃÔÊò¡§dementia,
Ï·¿ÍÀ­ÃÔÊò¾É¡§senile dementia
ǧÄꤹ¤ë¡§certify


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Brain chemical linked to child-abuse perpetuation
November 6, 2006 09:28:00 PM PST

A study focusing on the role of a important brain chemical sheds new light on why victims of childhood abuse may themselves become abusers as adults, and points to a possible remedy, researchers said on Thursday.

They looked at levels of serotonin -- a chemical that transmits impulses in the brain -- in rhesus monkeys, but has implications for understanding child abuse in people because of biological similarities in humans and monkeys, they said.

When baby monkeys in the study experienced high amounts of abuse and rejection from their mother in the month after birth, their brains often produced less serotonin. Low levels of serotonin are linked to anxiety, depression and aggression in monkeys and people.

The researchers followed monkey infants from birth into adulthood. They found that female monkeys that had been abused by their mothers as infants and later became abusive mothers had about 10 to 20 percent less serotonin than females that had been abused as babies but did not become abusive parents.

Experts long have known that suffering childhood abuse raises the probability a person will become an abusive parent, and have tried to find the reason -- for example, repeating behavior learned early in life or, alternatively, long-term changes in brain processes governing emotions.

"Our results suggest that the system is affected by early trauma, early experience, and that these long-term changes in the brain might contribute to the occurrence of abusive parenting in adulthood," University of Chicago researcher Dario Maestripieri said in an interview.

Maestripieri, lead author of the study in the journal Behavioral Neuroscience, said if research confirms that the same changes in brain development also occur in humans, then there could be the potential for intervention using drugs.

Maestripieri said drugs that raise brain serotonin levels might lower the chances an abused child becomes an abusive parent.

The team watched mothers as they parented to note hitting and other negative behaviors toward their infants. They swapped monkey infants at birth between different mothers to determine that the observed changes did not merely reflect genetic similarities between babies and their mothers.

"I think we've made another step forward in understanding exactly how early experience affects this inter-generational transmission of abuse," Maestripieri added.

The abuse included having the mother grab babies by the leg or tail, step on them, pin them down or throw them in the air, Maestripieri said. The study did not look at paternal abuse because it involved a monkey species whose parental care is entirely performed by females, he said.
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Murakami wins short story prize

¡¡Novelist and translator Haruki Murakami won the Frank O¡Çconner International Short Story Award on Sept. 24 for his recently published collection of short stories Blind Willow, Sleeping Woman.
Murakami, 57, was chosen as winner of the world¡Çs biggest short story prize by a five member jury and will receive a \5 million prize.
¡ÈThis is a truly wonderful collection by a master craftsman of prose. He writes with a terrific sense of magic as well as with that contemporary ability to create extended monologues of fear, ¡Èthe jury said in a statement about their decision. ¡¡

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