º£²ó¤Ï¡¢¥¹¥Ô¥ë¥ê¥Ê¤¬¡¢¤É¤ÎÄøÅÙ²òÆÇºîÍѤ¬¤¢¤ë¤«¤Î¼Â¸³¤Îµ»ö¤Ç¤¹¡£Ã¢¤·¡¢¸¶Ê¸¤ÏĹʸ¤Ç¤¹¤Î¤Ç¡¢¼Â¸³¤Î¥×¥í¥»¥¹¤ÎÂçȾ¤Ï¾Êά¤·¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£¾°¡¢Ìõ¤Ïgoogle¤Îµ¡³£¸ì¤Ç¤¹¡£
Cadmium-induced hematological, renal, and hepatic toxicity: The amelioration by spirulina platensis
¥«¥É¥ß¥¦¥àͶȯÀ·ì±Õ¡¢¿Õ¡¡¢¤ª¤è¤Ó´Î¡ÆÇÀ¡§¥¹¥Ô¥ë¥ê¥Ê¥×¥é¥Æ¥ó¥·¥¹¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ²þÁ±
Date of Web Publication¡¡25-May-2018
¥¨¥¸¥×¥È¡¢¥¤¥¹¥Þ¥¤¥ê¥¢¤Î¥¹¥¨¥º±¿²ÏÂç³Ø°å³ØÉôË¡°å³Ø¤ª¤è¤ÓÎ×¾²ÆÇÀ³Ø²Ê¡£ /¥µ¥¦¥¸¥¢¥é¥Ó¥¢Aljouf¡¢JoufÂç³Ø°å³ØÉô¡¢Ë¡°å³Ø¤ª¤è¤ÓÎ×¾²ÆÇÀ³Ø²Ê/¥µ¥¦¥¸¥¢¥é¥Ó¥¢¡¢¥¢¥ë¥Õ¥Õ¡¢¥¸¥å¥ÕÂç³Ø°å³ØÉôÉÂÍý³Ø²Ê/¥Ù¥ó¥ÏÂç³Ø°å³ØÉôÀ¸²½³Ø²Ê¡¢¥Ù¥ó¥Ï¡¢¥¨¥¸¥×¥È/¥¢¥é¥¶¡¼¥ëÂç³Ø°å³ØÉôË¡°å³ØÎ×¾²ÆÇÀ³Ø¡¢¥«¥¤¥í¡¢¥¨¥¸¥×¥È/ÉôÀ¸²½³Ø¡¢°å³ØÉô¡¢¥Ù¥ó¥¬¥¸Âç³Ø¡¢¥Ù¥ó¥¬¥¸¡¢¥ê¥Ó¥¢
Background: spirulina platensis (SP) is known as a valuable additional food and therapeutic agent.
ÇØ·Ê¡§¥¹¥Ô¥ë¥ê¥Ê¥×¥é¥Æ¥ó¥·¥¹¡ÊSP¡Ë¤Ï¡¢µ®½Å¤Ê¹¹¤Ê¤ë¸¡Æ¤ºàÎÁµÚ¤Ó¼£ÎÅÌô¤È¤·¤ÆÃΤé¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
Objective: We investigate the protective effect of SP on cadmium (Cd)-induced hematological, renal and hepatic toxicity in rats.
¡ÚÌÜŪ¡Û¡¡¥é¥Ã¥È¤Ë¤ª¤±¤ë¥«¥É¥ß¥¦¥à¡ÊCd¡ËͶȯ·ì±Õ³ØÅª¡¢¿Õ¡¤ª¤è¤Ó´Î¡ÆÇÀ¤ËÂФ¹¤ëSP¡Ê¥¹¥Ô¥ë¥ê¥Ê¡Ë¤ÎÊݸî¸ú²Ì¤òÄ´ºº¤¹¤ë¡£
ºàÎÁ¤ª¤è¤ÓÊýË¡¡§¥é¥Ã¥È¤ò£´¤Ä¤Î·²¤Ëʬ¤±¤¿¡£·²£±¡§¿©±ö¿å¤ò·Ð¸ýÅêÍ¿¤·¤¿¡£¥°¥ë¡¼¥×£²¡§£²£¸Æü´Ö£Ó£Ð¤Ç·Ð¸ý¼£ÎŤ·¤¿¡£¡ÊÃæÎ¬¡Ë
ÉÂÍýÁÈ¿¥³ØÅª¸¡ºº
Histopathological examination
Cd-induced hepatic and renal damage was demonstrated through histopathological investigations. This severe hepatic damage after Cd exposure included the existence of outspread hepatocytes degeneration, necrosis, inflammation, cytoplasmic vacuolization, and various cellular debris within the central liver vein [Figure 2]c when compared with control and SP-treated rats [Figure 2]a and [Figure 2]b, respectively]. However, the combination groups of Cd-spirulina showed prominent recovery in the form of the liver histoarchitecture such as the reduced cytoplasmic vacuolization, the normal sinusoidal spaces, and the lamellar pattern of hepatocytes was restored to almost normal [Figure 2]d.
ÁÈ¿¥ÉÂÍý³ØÅªÄ´ºº¤Ë¤è¤ê¡¢¥«¥É¥ß¥¦¥à¡ÊCd¡ËͶȯÀ´Î¾ã³²¤ª¤è¤Ó¿Õ¾ã³²¤¬¼¨¤µ¤ì¤¿¡£ Cd˽Ϫ¸å¤Î¤³¤Î½ÅÆÆ¤Ê´Î¾ã³²¤Ë¤Ï¡¢Âоݥé¥Ã¥È¤È¥¹¥×¥ë¥ê¥Ê½èÃÖ¥é¥Ã¥È¤È¤òÈæ³Ó¤·¤¿¾ì¹ç¡¢Âоݥé¥Ã¥ÈÃæ¿´Éô¤Î´ÎÀÅÌ®Æâ¤Ë¹¤¬¤Ã¤¿´ÎºÙ˦ÊÑÀ¡¢²õ»à¡¢±ê¾É¡¢ºÙ˦¼Á¶õ˦²½¡¢¤ª¤è¤Ó¤µ¤Þ¤¶¤Þ¤ÊºÙ˦ÇËÊҤθºß¤¬´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤¿¡£ [¿Þ2] b¡£
¤·¤«¤·¤Ê¤¬¤é¡¢¥«¥É¥ß¥¦¥à¡ÊCd¡Ë-¥¹¥Ô¥ë¥ê¥Ê¤ÎÁȤ߹ç¤ï¤»·²¤Ï¡¢ºÙ˦¼Á¤Î¶õ˦²½¤Î¸º¾¯¡¢Àµ¾ï¤ÊÀµ¸¹ÇȾõ¤Î¶õ´Ö¡¢´ÎºÙ˦¤ÎÁؾõ¥Ñ¥¿¡¼¥ó¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê´Î¡¤ÎÁÈ¿¥¹½Â¤¤Î·Á¤Ç¸²Ãø¤Ê²óÉü¤ò¼¨¤·¤¿[¿Þ2]¡£
¿Þ£²¡§
´Î¡¤ÎÁÈ¿¥³ØÅªÂ»½ý¤ËÂФ¹¤ë¥«¥É¥ß¥¦¥à¤ÈƱ»þÅêÍ¿¤µ¤ì¤¿¥¹¥Ô¥ë¥ê¥Ê¤Î¸ú²Ì¡£
²èÁü¾åÃÊ¡Êa¡ËÂоȤª¤è¤Ó¡Êb¡Ë¥¹¥Ô¥ë¥ê¥Ê¡¦¥×¥é¥Æ¥ó¥·¥¹·²¤Ï´Î¡¤ÎÀµ¾ï¤ÊÁÈ¿¥¹½Â¤¤ò¼¨¤·¤¿¡£²èÁü²¼ÃÊ¡Êc¡Ë¥«¥É¥ß¥¦¥à·²¤Ï²õ»à¡¢±ê¾É¡¢Ãæ¿´ÀÅÌ®Æâ¤ÎºÙ˦ÊҤθºß¡¢¤ª¤è¤ÓºÙ˦³ØÅª¶õ˦²½¤òȼ¤¦´ÎºÙ˦¤Î¹ÈϤÊÊÑÀ¤ò¼¨¤·¤¿¡£
¥¹¥Ô¥ë¥ê¥Ê°¸÷¹çÀ®ºÙ¶Ý·²¤Ï¡¢ºÙ˦¼Á¤Î¶õ˦²½¤Î¸º¾¯¡¢Àµ¾ï¤ÊÀµ¸¹ÇȾõ¤Î¶õ´Ö¤Î·Á¤Ç¸²Ãø¤Ê²óÉü¤ò¼¨¤·¡¢´ÎºÙ˦¤ÎÁؾõ¥Ñ¥¿¡¼¥ó¤Ï¤Û¤ÜÀµ¾ï¤Ë²óÉü¤·¤¿¡ÊH¤ª¤è¤ÓE¡¢400Çܡˡ£
Figure 2: Effect of spirulina coadministered with cadmium on histological damage in the liver. (a) Control and (b) Spirulina platensis group showed normal histoarchitecture of the liver (c) cadmium group showed extensive degeneration of hepatocytes with necrosis, inflammation, the presence of cellular debris within a central vein, and cytological vacuolization (d) cadmium + Spirulina platensis group showed prominent recovery in the form of reduced cytoplasmic vacuolization, the normal sinusoidal spaces, and the lamellar pattern of hepatocytes was restored to almost normal (H and E, 400Ũ)
Transverse sections of the kidney in control and SP alone-treated rats showed normal glomeruli and renal tubules [Figure 3]a and [Figure 3]b, respectively]. Whereas, Cd intoxicated rats showed cellular glomeruli, congestion cortex, and outer medulla such as tubular brush border loss, interstitial edema, and necrosis of epithelium [Figure 3]c. On the other hand, concomitant treatment with SP exhibited minimal histological changes in kidney limited only to tubular cells [Figure 3]d.
ÂоȤª¤è¤ÓSP¡Ê¥¹¥Ô¥ë¥ê¥Ê¡ËñÆÈ½èÃÖ¥é¥Ã¥È¤Ë¤ª¤±¤ë¿Õ¡¤Î²£ÃÇÌ̤ϡ¢Àµ¾ï¤Ê»åµåÂΤª¤è¤Ó¿ÕÇ¢ºÙ´É¤ò¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì¼¨¤·¤¿¡Î¿Þ3¡Ï a¤ª¤è¤Ó¡Î¿Þ3¡Ï b¡Ï¡£°ìÊý¡¢Cd¡Ê¥«¥É¥ß¥¦¥à¡ËÃæÆÇ¥é¥Ã¥È¤Ï¡¢ºÙ˦À»åµåÂΡ¢Ýµ·ìÈé¼Á¡¢¤ª¤è¤ÓÇ¢ºÙ´Éºþ»Ò±ïÁÓ¼º¡¢´Ö¼ÁÀÉâ¼ð¡¢¤ª¤è¤Ó¾åÈé¤Î²õ»à¤Ê¤É¤Î³°Â¦¿ñ¼Á¤ò¼¨¤·¤¿[¿Þ3]¡£°ìÊý¡¢SP¡Ê¥¹¥Ô¥ë¥ê¥Ê¡Ë¤È¤ÎÊ»ÍѼ£ÎŤϡ¢Ç¢ºÙ´ÉºÙ˦¤Î¤ß¤Ë¸ÂÄꤵ¤ì¤¿¿Õ¡¤ÎºÇ¾®¤ÎÁÈ¿¥³ØÅªÊѲ½¤ò¼¨¤·¤¿[¿Þ3]¡£
¿Þ£³¡§
¿Þ£³¡§¿Õ¡¤ÎÁÈ¿¥³ØÅªÂ»½ý¤ËÂФ¹¤ë¥«¥É¥ß¥¦¥à¤ÈƱ»þÅêÍ¿¤µ¤ì¤¿¥¹¥Ô¥ë¥ê¥Ê¤Î¸ú²Ì¡£ ¡Êa¡ËÂоȤª¤è¤Ó¡Êb¡Ë¥¹¥Ô¥ë¥ê¥Ê¡¦¥×¥é¥Æ¥ó¥·¥¹½èÃÖ·²¤ÏÀµ¾ï»åµåÂΤª¤è¤Ó¿ÕÇ¢ºÙ´É¤ò¼¨¤·¤¿¡£¡Êc¡Ë¥«¥É¥ß¥¦¥à½èÃÖ·²¤ÏºÙ˦À»åµåÂΡ¢Ýµ·ìÈé¼Á¤ª¤è¤Ó´É¾õºþ»Ò±ïÁÓ¼º¡¢´Ö¼ÁÀÉâ¼ð¡¢¤Ê¤é¤Ó¤Ë¾åÈé¤Î²õ»à¤ò¼¨¤·¤¿¡£ £ä¡Ë¥«¥É¥ß¥¦¥à¡Ü¥¹¥Ô¥ë¥ê¥Ê¥×¥é¥Æ¥ó¥·¥¹½èÃÖ·²¤Ï¡¢Ç¢ºÙ´ÉºÙ˦¤Î¤ß¤Ë¸ÂÄꤵ¤ì¤¿¿Õ¡¤Ë¤ª¤¤¤ÆºÇ¾®¤ÎÁÈ¿¥³ØÅªÊѲ½¤ò¼¨¤·¤¿¡Ê£È¤ª¤è¤Ó£Å¡¢£´£°£°¡ß¡Ë¡£
Figure 3: Effect of spirulina coadministered with cadmium on histological damage in the kidney. (a) Control and (b) Spirulina platensis-treated groups showed normal glomeruli and renal tubules (c) cadmium-treated group showed cellular glomeruli, congestion cortex and outer medulla such as tubular brush border loss, interstitial edema, and necrosis of epithelium (d) cadmium + Spirulina platensis-treated group exhibited minimal histological changes in kidney limited only to tubular cells (H and E, 400Ũ)
¡ÊÃæÎ¬¡Ë
·ëÏÀ
¥é¥Ã¥È¤Î´Î¡¤ª¤è¤Ó¿Õ¡¤Ë¤ª¤±¤ëCd¤ÎÃßÀѤϡ¢ÉÂÍýÁÈ¿¥³ØÅªÂ»½ý¡¢LPO¡Êº¸¸å¼Ð°Ì¡Ë¡¢¤ª¤è¤ÓÀÖ·ìµå¿ô¤Î¸º¾¯¤È´ØÏ¢¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
²æ¡¹¤Ï¤µ¤é¤Ë¡¢SP¤¬¡¢¥é¥Ã¥È¤Î¿Õ¡¤ª¤è¤Ó´Î¡¤Ë¤ª¤±¤ëCdÆÇÀ¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤ÆÍ¶È¯¤µ¤ì¤ë»À²½¥¹¥È¥ì¥¹¤Îͳ²¤Ê±Æ¶Á¤ËÂФ·¤Æ·ì±Õ³ØÅª¥Ñ¥é¥á¡¼¥¿¤Î²þÁ±¤È¶¦¤ËËɸ椹¤ë¹³»À²½ºÞ·Ï¤ò»É·ã¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤ò¾ÚÌÀ¤·¤¿¡£
¿Õ¡¤ª¤è¤Ó´Î¡¤Ë¤ª¤±¤ëCd¡Ê¥«¥É¥ß¥¦¥à¡ËÆÇÀ¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤ÆÍ¶È¯¤µ¤ì¤¿LPO¡Êº¸¸å¼Ð°Ì¡Ë¤â¤Þ¤¿¡¢´âͶȯ¤Ë¤ª¤¤¤Æ¶Ë¤á¤Æ½ÅÍפʰø»Ò¤òͤ¹¤ë²ÄǽÀ¤¬¤¢¤ë¡£Ê¬»Ò¥ì¥Ù¥ë¤Ë´Ø¤¹¤ë¾Íè¤Î¤µ¤é¤Ê¤ë¸¦µæ¤Ï¤³¤ÎÀ®Ê¬¤Î²òÌÀ¤ò²Äǽ¤Ë¤¹¤ë¤À¤í¤¦¡£