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The Untold Stories of Vietnamese Women, an event hosted by Justice for Lai Dai Han featuring former Foreign Secretary Jack Straw as guest speaker, is being held at the Hilton Double Tree, 30 John Islip Street, London, on Tuesday 12 September at 7.15pm
Vietnamese women raped in wartime seek justice for a lifetime of pain and prejudice
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¥·¥ã¥í¥ó¡¦¥Ø¥ó¥É¥ê¡¼¡ÊSharon Hendry¡Ë 2017ǯ9·î11Æü¡Ê·î¡Ë
Victims of atrocities carried out by South Korean soldiers still pursuing reparations decades later
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But for a significant number of children fathered as a result of rape by South Korean soldiers, it was the start of a living hell.
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Mr Nhat recalled: ¡ÈBefore April 1975, I had been treated well by the South Korean troops who lived on the base near my home in Phu Yen Province, central Vietnam. I was still too young to have any real sense of my identity and hadn¡Çt yet questioned my mother about why I looked different to other Vietnamese children.
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¡ÈBut when the Communists declared victory, everything changed for me. Suddenly, I knew I was dangerously different.¡É
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A period of painful bullying ensued in school. Mr Nhat said: ¡ÈI was bullied repeatedly. The other children kept asking who my father was and called him a 'dog'. I just kept suffering in silence.
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¡ÈI was 18 when my mother finally sat me down and told me she had been raped by Korean soldiers - not once but three times. My two sisters are also mixed blood or Lai Dai Han as we are known in Vietnam."
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The story of South Korea¡Çs involvement in the Vietnam War is largely untold.
Around 300,000 troops joined American forces in 1964. South Korea¡Çs contingent was bigger than that of Australia or New Zealand - second only to the US military. Troops were largely concentrated in Vietnam¡Çs Central Province.
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South Korean troops were not alone in their exploitation of civilian women but their country has never acknowledged the allegations or taken steps to investigate.
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In 1987, the Amerasian Homecoming Act resettled the children of American soldiers in the United States. 21,000 Amerasians and more than 55,000 family members made homes on US soil as a result.
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South Korea did not follow suit. According to Mr Nhat, a Ho Chi Minh City-based travel agent, an estimated 800 rape victims are still living and now determined to tell their stories. They want South Korea to recognise the children its soldiers fathered.
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Despite his own struggles, Mr Nhat remains dedicated to caring for his elderly mother Tran Thi Ngai and leads me to her humble home in the Dong Hoa District of Phu Yen Province - a two-hour drive from popular beach resort Nha Trang.
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Now 76, Mrs Ngai¡Çs body is frail but her memory is sharp when it comes to recalling the sexual violence she suffered during the war.She occasionally pauses to wipe away tears. At one point, she breaks down and sobs as she offloads a lifetime of shame and secrecy.
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She said: ¡ÈI was just a young girl during the war but I worked as a nurse to support people in my village. My parents worked on a farm and we were quite poor. Helicopters and bombs were a part of our everyday lives. There were operations happening every night. We suffered a lot of hardship. We had no rice and constantly had to find ways of escaping the cross-fire.¡É
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Mrs Ngai was 24 and still a virgin when she was first raped. ¡ÈDuring my nursing shift, I went home to take a lunchtime nap. A South Korean commander from a nearby base appeared in my room and started hugging me. I froze. I felt petrified. No-one could argue with soldiers. He started touching my body and then raped me. I shouted out loud for help but no-one came. Afterwards I cried for days but my parents just shouted at me. They thought I had had sex with him of my own free will. No-one would believe me. My parents told me to abort the child so I tried to do it with medicine but it didn¡Çt work. Sometime after, I gave birth to a little girl. I thought about committing suicide but somehow I found a way to carry on.¡É
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Once ¡Ædefiled¡Ç by Korean soldiers, women were labelled ¡Æfair game¡Ç for fellow comrades. This warped code of honour sealed Mrs Ngai¡Çs fate for a second time. Catching her breath between sobs, she explained: ¡ÈThe father of my first-born child returned to South Korea but sent another soldier to my house on the pretence of checking up on the baby. Once again, this man moved towards me holding me tightly before pulling me down to the ground and raping me on the floor. He later returned to Korea too and I gave birth again to another daughter. I cried every day.¡É
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Incredibly, Mrs Ngai was raped a third time the following year by yet another Korean solider who had been briefed on her whereabouts by departing colleagues. ¡ÈAfter it happened a third time I felt very vulnerable and miserable - like there was no hope anyone would believe me.¡É
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Despite suffering crippling depression, Mrs Ngai made an admirable attempt to be a good mother. She was especially determined to send her children to school despite prejudice from teachers and parents.
She said: ¡ÈI received a lot of criticism from the villagers and my children were treated badly by the principal of the school who questioned their right to be there. Some teachers hit my children and asked them why they didn¡Çt return to Korea with their fathers. When they got older they moved to Ho Chi Minh City to escape the criticism in the village.¡É
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While the Ngai children were driven out of their homes to the big city, Mrs Ngai was terrorised by Communist soldiers who branded her a ¡Æblood taker.¡Ç She said: ¡ÈThey took all my possessions and put me in prison but worst of all, they beat my grandfather to death.¡É
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Mrs Ngai felt confused in the fog of war but now she is very clear about what she wants now. ¡ÈI think the South Korean government should apologise for everything they did to women in Vietnam. Our country has suffered during many chapters in history but it is the Lai Dai Han who still suffer now. The Americans took their children home but my children have been left behind by their fathers.
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¡ÈI still cry in silence in the dark - for my children and for myself. My wish is that I can seek some comfort in my lifetime simply in recognition that we exist.¡É
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The common features of the U.S. and South Korea are slaughter and rape.
This soldier of two countries raped the average citizen by the Vietnam War, and performed the mass murder.
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