|
Trend of the suffering situation and the refuge function of the higher education system caused by the Kumamoto earthquake
Eiji Nishijima
After analyzing the suffering situation of the higher education systems such as a university or the junior college caused by the Kumamoto earthquake and the fact-finding result of the refuge function after the time of commencement, a big difference was seen in the correspondence contents of refuge inhabitants. There was a difference in the barrier-free situation and there was a difference in specialty of the correspondence of the welfare of the staff of a school. I consider it whether you can build the functions such as welfare refuges in a future disaster from such a point of view.
Keywords: Kumamoto earthquake, Higher education institution, Earthquake situation, Evacuation facility function, Welfare evacuation center
１．A background and purpose of the study
The private Kumamoto school University in Kumamoto-shi (university including the welfare) was appointed as a place of refuge from Kumamoto-shi. There was the geographical environmental condition from the time of an earthquake occurrence, too, and a student and local inhabitants, a person with a disability and a need of nursing care elderly person evacuated from the outskirts. Therefore it is urgent, and the university executives determine, and what I received in university facilities is known as welfare refuge 1) by various news nationwide voluntarily. Depending on a university, there were multiple places where 80% of facilities and the building collapsed, and there was the example that it was difficult to accept the area inhabitants whom I suffered from very much.
The public facilities private Kyushu nursing welfare university (Tamana-shi) that the writer worked was rolling of a little less than six seismic intensity degree and it was slight and finished the damage of the building. However, by the designation of Tamana-shi, it might become the refuge, and many outskirts inhabitants and students who had more sense of fear by a tsunami warning having been given to the Ariake seashore bank evacuated besides. On the other hand, the private Kumamoto school University accepted the refuge inhabitants who included a person with a disability and established "the welfare refuge" voluntarily.
I carried it out based on emergency by the prompt decision of a teacher, the staff and the executives of the social welfare department of the university. A social evaluation was sublimed into this correspondence afterwards.
Actually, many problems are supposed so that it is urgent, and a university functions for the situation that I do not assume as "a welfare refuge". In the private Kumamoto health science university, it was done designation 2) as a welfare refuge from Kumamoto-shi, but there was not the user as the welfare refuge. It was used later for the place for use facilities and distribution supplies of the person of national volunteer activity. Based on background 3) of the Kumamoto earthquake mentioned above, I examine a problem and a problem of the preparation for acceptance of the suffering inhabitants of this university and collect information about the local contribution of a university protecting security and the life of the inhabitants of the disaster chain of islands which I will still have and am intended that a town of the future welfare clarifies the role of the university in making it.
２．The viewpoint of the study and method
I performed the following questionary survey as a viewpoint in the background of the study mentioned above.
It is an investigation summary 2-1
Subjects of survey: In Kumamoto, it is said that it is for public a national university corporation, and there is a college, Kumamoto Prefectural agricultural college school in Kumamoto University (department of engineering, law department department of education, department of science, medical department, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences), Kumamoto Prefectural College, an art of Kumamoto standing techniques short term. As a private institution, there are Kyushu nursing welfare university, Institute of Kyushu Luther University, Kumamoto school University, Kumamoto health science university, Shokei university, (department of engineering, art department, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences), Tokai University (Kumamoto school building, Aso school building), Heisei College of Music, Shokei university junior college, Middle Kyushu junior college.
The place of refuge and refuge become approximately 20 places when they think including a campus.
It is an investigation period and a collection result 2-2:
I sent out questionary survey by the mail to these universities in the end of November and closed it in the middle of December.
As a result, there was an answer including one addition from seven schools.
The reason with a little collection suffering from it so that a university is serious, and being in the middle of the repair there might not be really the use as the refuge.
For the university of non-collection, I want to investigate it again.
In addition, it will continue in future and wants to collect information based on information such as the news.
2-3 investigation contents (item):
As a basic matter, it is a university name, the number of the student capacity, campus plottage, the deferred floor space of facilities building, the designated names such as refuges, the barrier-free situation in a school building, the site, the amount of suffering, the safety confirmation days of the student.
As for the question, the role consciousness, refuge of a source, the welfare refuge of the recognition, the recognition of security, the welfare refuge of dissatisfaction, the privacy to the completion situation, disaster support supplies of acceptance, the disaster support supplies of acceptance, the volunteer total number of persons, disaster support supplies of the volunteer is rational consideration consciousness to a reason, the minority that it is not possible for (the days) during acceptance, the acceptance total number of persons, acceptance period of acceptance, the elderly person of the refuge acceptance, acceptance period, person with a disability of local inhabitants.
３．Ethical consideration
For the educational institution for the investigation, I do it assuming showing it, but the individual engine name shows what I show in a sign in investigation wish. It becomes the answer on the agreement.
４．Findings
1) A basic matter:
・The number of the student capacity: A medical welfare system university (following, A) is 1,500 people. An engineering system university (following, B) is 1,480 people. Agriculture system (following, C) is 920 people. A pharmacy system university (following, D) is 520 people. A college (following, E) pro-agriculture is 160 people. A medical technology system university (following, F) is 1,320 people. The university (following, G) including the welfare system was 5,510 people.
・A campus area: A is 130,685 square meters. B is 37,237 square meters. C is 735,347 square meters. D is 53,084 square meters. E is 289,635 square meters. F is 71,375 square meters. G was 195,392 square meters.
・School building deferred floor space: A is 25,000 square meters. B is 42,536 square meters. C is 34,078 square meters. D is 14,819 square meters. E is 3,038 square meters. F was 23,225 square meters. G was 65,392 square meters.
・The designation of the refuge: A is a refuge. B is no designation. C is no designation. D is a refuge, a place of refuge. E is no designation. F is a welfare refuge. There was no designation in G.
・The barrier-free (BF) situation: A is BF. There is no B. In C, some restrooms are BF. In D, a doorway is BF. In E, the entrance and a corridor are BF. F is BF. G was BF overall.
・The amount of disaster: A is 3 million yen. B is unclear. C is non-count. D is 500 million yen. E is 86,510,000 yen. In F, 110 million yen, G were 20 hundreds of millions of yen.
・The safety confirmation days: A is 3rd. B is 3rd. C is 3rd. D is 7th. E is 1st. F is 6th. G was five days.
・Refuge acceptance: There is A. There is no B. There is C. There is D. There is no E. There is F. There was G, too.
・An acceptance period: I am below 1-2 weeks in A. I am below one week in C. I am below 2-3 weeks in D. I am below 2-3 weeks in F. G was more than five weeks (45 days).
2) Person with a disability acceptance: It was A, D, G.
3) Elderly person acceptance: It was A, C, D, G.
4) The acceptance number of people: A is approximately 1,000 people. C is 1,200 people. D is 3,200 people. F 435 people (include a volunteer). I spoke G and was 5,000 people.
5) The acceptance days: A is 9th. C is 4th. D is 19th. F was 15th. G was 45 days.
6) The volunteer number of people: A is a teacher and a total of 20 office workers. D is around five student volunteer 1st. F was 68 people. G was 1,500 people.
7) Support supplies: A from the city water (plastic bottle). There were support supplies in C, D, F, G.
8) Privacy (partition): Most places of refuge do not have a partition either. G gradually introduced partitioning.
9) The recognition of the welfare refuge: I recognize B, C, D, F, G.
10) The need of the welfare refuge: It was only A, F, G.
11) A welfare refuge impossibility reason: There is not the system,; but B, C, D, E. There was not the use, but was F.
12) Rational consideration: Unreasonableness is B, C, D, E under the present conditions. Need was A and F and G.
５．Summary
I speak it including questionnaire findings. Because unevenness is big, the prior examination of the acceptance system is necessary for the number of the capacity and an area at each university. Designation as the refuge is various.
Prior examination with the administration may not be enough.
The barrier-free does not advance very much. In the university of the welfare medical care system, barrier-free is carried out. This controls the possibility as the welfare refuge.
Unevenness is big for a toll and refuge acceptance. There was the university which did not accept refuge inhabitants.
There is little acceptance of the person with a disability, too. The number of people of refuge inhabitants varies, too, but there is considerably many it generally. The consideration of the privacy is not accomplished with most.
Most were negative against a welfare refuge. "The system is not made ," but, for a reason, there is many it. Only F says, "there is not a user". In the case of F, Kumamoto-shi appointed it in a welfare refuge, but, by this Kumamoto earthquake, there was not the use as the welfare refuge. A problem was left for Kumamoto-shi and cooperation with University F and the well-known method.
About the rational consideration, only A of the medical welfare system university, F and G needed it. The need of the rational consideration to minority such as chemical substance and food allergy, LGBT5) may be pursued in the welfare refuge of the university other than mental disabilities, mental disorder, developmental disability 4) as well as a physical person with a disability at the time of the disaster about this point.
In addition, the system supporting by the care of the heart for the trauma of a student and the staff of the university technically is necessary.
In this school (Kyushu nursing welfare university), a campus social worker works full time in a health control center and copes with earthquake disaster stress.
It is A 1 photograph Kyushu nursing welfare university campus whole view (I reprint it from this school HP) (888, Tominoo, Tamana-shi, Kumamoto): Main building, B: Building No. 2, C: Building No. 3, judo ground, D: Library, E: School cafeteria building (Frank Thomas), F: Gymnasium, lecture hall, G: Care training ridge, H: Club activities ridge, I: Athletic ground, J: Parking lot note
1) A welfare refuge: The refuge which is established at the time of a disaster for a victim needing an elderly person and a person with a disability, expectant mothers consideration. The local government appoints a welfare institution or public accommodation based on the Disaster Relief Act. According to the guidance of the country, I store a paper diaper and pharmaceutical products, a wheelchair, and it is said that it is desirable to employ the coping "life consultation staff". In the case of Kumamoto-shi, the most were an elderly person welfare institution and welfare of persons with disabilities facilities, and the university was only one place.
2) The "welfare refuge" agreement conclusion situation of Kumamoto-shi
Person of association of October 17, 2012 Kumamoto-shi old man welfare institution meeting (67 such as special elderly nursing homes provides equipment) May 17, 2013 educational foundation ginkgo school Kumamoto health science University November 6, 2013 Kumamoto identification facilities resident life care company communication meeting (26 such as pay nursing homes provides equipment) January 8, 2014 social welfare corporation Kumamoto colony March 28, 2014 Kumamoto child with disabilities facilities meeting (24 person with a physical disability support facilities facilities), The public interest corporation method
Association of corporate judicial person Kumamoto health center for the elderly general on association of person Kumamoto psychiatry (1 mind person with a disability support facilities facility), association of Kumamoto intellectual person with a disability facilities (29 intellectual person with a disability support facilities facilities) August 6, 2014 (27 care health center for the elderly facilities)
3) "A welfare refuge, only the user of a welfare refuge accepting the elderly person and person with a disability and others "disaster weak" in Kumamoto-shi where nearly 40,000 evacuate to by Kumamoto earthquake remains in only 104 as of 24th on 104" Mainichi Shimbun April 25, 2016. I appointed it, and it was said that approximately 1,700 people were accepted at the time of the disaster, but, actually, in the city, it was not done preparations for facilities side and the common knowledge to a supporter required according to the policy of the country almost in 176 facilities by a welfare refuge. Many disaster weaks may be forced to severe life at a place without facilities and the support. [Takuya Murata, Takashi Ishikawa religion]
4) A developmentally disabled environmental problem: It is pointed out that there is hypersensitivity, but is highly individual. When hearing includes hypersensitivity in the refuge of the group which the noise has a big, I may feel a feeling of strong difficulty. I was often forced to sleeping on the train for this.
5) An environmental problem of LGBT (sexual minority): In the case of trans gender, the rational consideration to a restroom in particular and the locker room is expected.
"Possibility (1) as the local welfare refuge at the time of the Eiji Nishijima (Kyushu nursing welfare university .3665) earthquake disaster in a university and the junior college in Kumamoto"
- Survey - Japan social welfare society Kyushu sectional meeting about the disaster support of the higher education system in the Kumamoto earthquake. May, 2017
|
コメント（0）
投票
