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     After 30B.C., Octavian assumed a consul every year, and in 29B.C. he was given the name "Imperator." This means "Victorious General."  Then, Octavian had many strong power.  For example, he had the job of the chairman of the senate, legislative power, and so on.  Actually, he was the head of state.  However, suddenly, in 27B.C., he returned to the senate his all of public powers except, control of Hispania, Gaul, and Syria.  It was because those three districts were unstable, and the rebellions often happened, so keeping those districts means keeping official authority to command the legions.  In this time, Rome had returned to republic, but Octavian was still the most important position in the senate.  Therefore, he was given the name "Augustus" by the senate.  This meant "Dignified person."  This job had absolute power of Rome Empire, like "Emperor."  In addition, he was called "Princeps Senatus" meant "the First Person," in other words "The Greatest Person."  Also he got the job of "Imperium Proconsul." This job had all of the military authority to command.  From on then, he started to take the name "Impertor Caesar Augustus."  He had become the Emperor of Roman Empire.  In this way, he got legal authority.

     In 26 B.C., he went to Gaul and Hispania, and subjugated those districts' resistance.  He returned Rome in 24B.C., but he had fell seriously ill.  Originally, he had a weak constitution. However, in this time, he was dying.  However, thanks to a Greek doctor, Antony Musa, Augustus recovered.  Augustus could realize the faults of his government systems.  If the head of state died, there was fear of collapse his systems.  His system was dyarchy that was formed by the senate and the head of state.  Before that accident, he didn't touche the senate because of keeping an image of republicanism.  However, he decided to divide authority.  He stopped assuming the consul every year.  Instead, he assumed "Tribunicia Potestas"¡¡means "Protector of commoner."  This job's authority had veto power against everyone's power.  His authority became more strongly.Also he established the leaders of  Imperial Guard, in Latin "Praetrian."  It was controlled by Augustus.  From those things, he was able to establish the absolute monarchy.  

     In 20 B.C., Lucius Caesar was born, and in 18 B.C., Gaius Caesar was born. They ware Augustus' daughter, Julia's sons.  Augustus decided them to be adopted sons.  Their born made Augustus happy.  However, In 12B.C., his confidant, Agrippa had dead.  In addition, in 8B.C., Maecenas died.  Augustus' confidants  died.  

    His unhappiness was not stopped.  In 2B.C., Julia was into infidelity scandal, so she was banished.  Augustus was very angry and shocked.  In addition, Augustus' adopted sons died within 4A.D.  Therefore, he selected new adopted sons.  They ware Postumus and Tiberius.  However, Postumus was banished because he was too stupid.  

     Augustus also depressed at political side.  In 9A.D., one of the Roman general, Varus tried to conquer Germany tribes.  Varus led three legions.  Rome had had about twenty legions, so his army was very very large.  However, at the forest of Teutoburg, he was defeated, and killed.  Legions were annihilated.  On this defeat, the conquest Germany was collapsed.  This made Augustus shocked deeply.